Creating Accurate Clay Salamander Molds for In-Class Learning Modules on Polymorphism and Predation

Presenter(s)

Grace Leopold

Abstract or Description

Clay models are often used in ecological research to measure predation in the field because the clay records both the number of attacks and the type of attacker through teeth/beak impressions. The goal of this project is to create accurate molds for making clay salamanders that can be mass distributed to educators to be used for in-class learning modules. The learning module focuses on understanding color polymorphism in red-backed salamanders by measuring levels of predation on the two color morphs (striped, unstriped). Students create their own clay salamanders in the classroom, then, these salamanders are placed in the field and observations will be made regarding predation rates between the two morphs. A mold that can be distributed to classes will make clay salamander consistency between student groups easier to manage. We found oil clay to be best suited due to its ease of use and affordability. For making molds, we tested poured silicone and 3D printing. Poured silicone molds have many advantages. They are affordable, easy to make, and work well with clay. We have found that this process would not be difficult to replicate in classrooms, and was able to generate 80 clay salamanders in 3 months. This spring, we hope to test our clay salamanders by deploying them in the field. Based on this test, we will revise the learning module and produce a model-making guide to accompany the lesson plan. Once this project comes to completion, it will serve as a hands-on learning experience for students of all ages in the field of ecology and biological evolution. It will also serve as a resource to educators who are looking for an exciting way to teach key concepts both inside and outside of the classroom.

Mentor

Dr. M. Caitlin Fisher-Reid